3rd World Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Conference

SPEECH STAMMERING : A Disorder where a person repeats or prolongs words, syllables, or phrases is referred as speech stammering or stuttering. Stammering is more prone to boys than girls. In the case of adults, 1% is affected. There is no definitive cause for stuttering and people are affected by stammering when a close relative is affected. There may be other causes for stuttering such as Developmental stuttering- Early stages of speech development when speech proficiency is undeveloped. Symptom gets fewer as the child grows. Neurogenic stuttering- occurs when there is improper working of speech nerves. This affects both children and adults and caused by ·          Stroke ·          Head trauma ·          Ischemic attacks – Blood flow to brain gets temporarily congested ·          Tumours ·          Degenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's ·          Meningitis Psychological factors like stress, anxiety, depression tend to increase stammering and its

Heart Failure: Heart Failure is a disability where the heart is unable to pump the required blood supply to the body, disrupting all the major functions the body carries out. The disability can either be the heart’s inability to pump blood or the stiffening of muscles which effectively reduces the flow of blood. Heart failure can affect either side or the whole heart and can last longer or a short term condition. An individual is diagnosed to have heart failure when they exhibit the following symptoms: ·          Excessive fatigue ·          Sudden weight gain ·          Appetite loss ·          Persistent coughs ·          Irregular pulse ·          Heart palpitations ·          Abdominal swelling ·          Shortness of breath ·          Leg and ankle swelling ·          Protruding neck veins Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is the major factor behind the failure of heart. Other diseases and disorders such as ·          Cardiomyopathy ·